Paving apparatus



R. D. BAKER.

PAVING APPARAuS.

R. D. BAKER.

PAVING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION HLED Ausw. 1915.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' @Vmwow Pif f R. D. BAKER. PAVING APPARATUS.

. APPLICATION FILED AUG.II, i915- 1,388,690, Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

-- SHEETS-SHEET 4,

invento/L 50M/fi, 9a/PW ami/humus R. D. BAKER.

PAVING APPARATUS.

4 APPL|CAT|0N FILED AUGJL l9l5. 1,388,690. Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5y 00 00 x l V /Wgw PATENT oFFIcE.

ROBERT D. BAKER, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

PAVINGF APPARATUS.

Application led August 11, 1915.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT D. BAKER, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Paving Apparatus, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to paving apparatus, and has among the objects thereof to provide a paving apparatus which will crown and surface the paving material; to provide such a paving apparatus that will produce a great de 'ree of density of the paving material at t e surface of the pavement; to provide a paving apparatus that will level the paving material and finish the same; to provide a paving apparatus which will not only surface the paving material and crown the latter, but will also effect a finishing of the paving material; to provide a paving apparatus in which the control for all of the mechanism for propelling the apparatus and actuating the surfacing mechanism, is arranged at one side of the apparatus; to provide a paving apparatus in which the mechanism for propelling the apparatus may be so controlled as to regulate the propelling of one side of theV appara tus inde endently of the propelling of the other si e; to provide a paving apparatus in which the surfacing section is so constructed as to allow the surface thereof in engagement with the pavement material to be readily cleaned; to provide a paving apparatus in which the surfacing section may be adjusted to any predetermined crown; further, to provide a paving apparatus which is comparatively simple in construc` tion andwill efficiently finish the pavement. Other objects of the invention will more fully hereinafter appear.

The invention resides in the peculiar construction, arrangement and combination of various parts as hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing the paving section in its raised position;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 showing the surfacing position;

Fig 5 illustrates a detall of construction;

section in its operative Specification of Letters Iatent.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

Serial No. 44,916.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are sections on the lines 1/-y and z-z of Fig. 2 respectively;

Fig. 9 is a somewhat diagrammatic side elevation;

Fig. y10 is al cross-section showing the relation of the leveling device, the surfacing j section, and the float;

Figs. 11 and 12 are perspective views illustrating certain details of construction;

Figs. 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 illustrate certain details of construction;

Fig. 18 is a plan view showing a modified construction of finishing member; and

Figs. 19 and 20 illustrate modifications of the mounting for supporting the surfacing section. y

- Fig. 21 is a sectional detailed view illus trating the cam connection for the wheels of the main frame; and Fig. 22 is a detailed view illustrating the clutch connection between the drums.

In the one embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings, the apparatus is composed of a frame 1 upon which is arranged a surfacing section 2. The frame 1 is formed of carriages 3 and 4 each having wheels 5 for traveling upon tracks or side forms 6 at opposite sides of the pavement. These carriages are shown as open-centered and carry shafts uponwhich are journaled the wheels 5. Preferably the frames are formed of channel irons. The surfacing section 2 has a comparatively wide sheet metal member 7 of a length to extend between the tracks upon which the wheels 5 travel.

I have found it very desirable to provide means for giving the surfacing member 7 a vibratory movement. In the particular structure illustrated this is accomplished by a rotating shaft 8 journaled in bearings 9 carried by arms 10 extending laterally from and secured to the member 7. 11 are a second series of arms connected to the member 7 and extending laterally there- I .pinge against the ends 12,-which will effect a vibration of the member 7.

The machine is driven by a motor 14 be operated. Extending from the drum'21 to an anchor 25 suitably securedat a distance in advance of the apparatus is a cable 26. The anchor 25 is herein shown as in the form of a stake driven into the ground. 27 is a second cable which extends from the drum 22 rearwardly around a pulley 28 and then across the frame to a second pulley 29.` From there this cable extends forwardly to a second anchor 30. By this arrangement when the clutches are moved to' couple the drums to the shaft 20, during .the operation of the motor the machine w1ll be slowly propelled forward. .As will be noted the control mechanism for uncoupling'the drums from the shaft 20 and also the motor, are arranged on one side frame and can be readily controlled by a single operator. The shaft 8 is preferably driven from4 the motor at rather a high rate of speed,

and this is accomplished by providing an extension 31 on the motor shaft, which has thereon a gear 32 that drives .a gear 33 34. he gear 33 is loose upon the shaft 8 and is adapted to be coupled thereto by a clutch member. 35 that is fixed to rotate with the shaft but is free to slide longitudinally thereon so as to move the clutch 1 36 of the member 35 into or out of engagement with the clutch teeth 37 on the hub of the gear 33. 38 is a lever for shifting the clutch member 35, the lever being fulcrumed at 39 to.a bracketon the frame of the carriage 3.

Preferably there is arranged in advance of the surfacing section a striker bar for leveling the: concrete or other pavementmaterial before it ,is acted upon by the surfacing member. Thus as shown, 40 is a bar having the under face thereof of a contour to conform substantially to the crown desired for the pavement. This' bar is pro,- vided with slots or bearings`41 adjacent opposite ends which engage rollers 42 carr1ed by arms 43. Pivotally connected to a bracket 44 in the bar 40 is an arm 45 which is pivotally connected to a crank 46 attached to an extension 47*l of the shaft. Thus during the rotation of the shaft 15 the arm 45 will be reci lIocated back and forth, which will cause t e reciprocation of the member 40 crosswise of the apparatus.

Mognted adjacent each end of the sheet lthrou'gh the medium ofthe 'drive chainof the member 50.

metal member 7 are brackets 47 which engage a pair of spaced arms 48 and 49 carried by the side frame. Four of the brackets 47 are shown arranged'at each end of the member 7, each of the arms being engaged by a pair of brackets. The arm 48 at each side of the frame has che outer end -thereof journaled in bearings 50 on-the side frame, while the outer ends of the arms 49 engage seats or bearings 51 on the top of the side frame, which seats are open at the top. Tlie'arm 49 is secured to the seat 51 by bolts having lateral extensions 52 adapted to be turned over the top of the arm to hold it to its seat. The arrangement is such that the arms 48 and 49 will normally support the member 7 in horizontal position, but as the arms'49 may be raised out of the seats 51, and since the arms 48 are pivoted, the surfacing section may be turned about the arms 48 as pivots, to the position shown in Figs. 3 land 9, 4thereby permitting ready access to the bottom face 4ofthe member 7 for cleaning. When the member 7 isturned up the drive chain 34 will of course be removed from the sprocket 33. To permit of turning the section 2 upwardthe side members of each frame are formed with inwardly-extending portions 53 so as to permit the ends of the member 7 to clear the inner sides of the frames when the surfacing section is turned about the members 48 as pivots. It is desirable to have the surfacing sec tion vertically adjusted in relation to the frame, and this is accomplished by having the inner ends of the arms 48 and 49 engage vertically-adjustable bearings in the brackets 47. As showin each bracket 47 is provided with a plate 54 upon which is arranged an adjusta le wedge-shaped member 55 that carries the arm. 56 is a set screw for clamping the arm against the wed e-shaped member 55. heig t ofthe surfacingsection it is merely necessary to release the set-screw 55 and To vvary theadjust the wedge to either raise or lower the arm and then tighten the set-screw.

The member 7 has a longitudinal contour similar to the crown desired for the finished pavement,`and in order to permit' the surfacing section to be adapted for roads of different contours, the member 7 is so formed as to permit the longitudinal contour thereof to be adjusted to any desired form, within certain limits. Thus 57 are a plurality of g uprights secured to the member 7 adjacent one side edge thereof, the uprights being y longitudinally spaced and diminishing in height in opposite directions from the center uprights. 58 are threaded Abolts pivotally connected as at 59 to the uprights, and 60 are turn-buckles engaging the threaded ends s shown, the uprightsexcept one at the extreme end of the seriescarries two of the pivoted bolts 58 which project therefrom in opposite directions. 61 is a second series of uprights and turnbuckles positioned adjacent the opposite side of the member 7, this series being of similar construction and arrangement to the series 57. Thus by adjusting the turn buckles the longitudinal contour of thek member 7 may be varied as desired, within, of course, certain limits.

The member 40 is adapted to be raised and lowered, and to this end the shafts f3 upon which the rollers 40 are mounted are in the form of cranks mounted on bearings 62. 68 isa lever secured to one crank and having portions projecting upon opposite sides of the crank. 64 are arms projecting upon opposite sides of the other crank, and 65 and 66 are cables cross connecting the lever and arms. Thus by adjusting the lever 63 the cranks will be actuated toraise or lower the rollers 40 and therefore the striker bar. end secured to the lever 68 and having the otherend adjustably engaging the hook 68 on the frame of the carriage 3. Journaled at the end of the carriages are rollers 69 which receive the thrust of the striker bar.

Secured tov the bottom of the striker bar is an angle plate 70, one flange 71 of which extends beneath the bar and the other fiange 72 of which is provided with a plurality of slots 73 for securing bolts 74. As shown, the flange 72 is severed at intervals, as indicated at 75 and the slots are elongated so as to permit the angle plate to be adjusted to the desired longitudinal contour.

I also preferably provide in rear of the machine a finishing member, which will vact to finish the vsurface of the pavement in the manner which heretofore has been accomplished by the usual hand-floats. This linishing member 7 6 is herein shown as composed 'of a flat metallic member 77 having standards 78 and turn-buckles 79 of a construction similar to that shown and described in connection with the surfacing section, except that butone series of standards and turn-buckles are employed'. This permits the longitudinal contour of the member `76 to be regulated to any predetermined.

crown. Preferably in order to stiffen the member 76 angle members 80 are secured at"- opposite edges thereof.

iThis member is attached to the rear of the machine by means of flexible connections or cables 81, so as to be free to rest upon the' concrete.

It acts in a manner similar to ahand-float.'-

As will be noted upon reference to Figs. 6, 7 and 8 the surfacing section has secured to the forward edge thereof a member 82. This member is preferably in the form of an angle strip having one ange 83 connected to an 'angle strip 84 attached to the surfacingplate 7, while the other flange 85 67 is a chain having onethese eccentric bearings may be turnedV through the medium of a hand-lever 88 and cranks 89 so as to raise the machine. If desired the wheels of theother frame may be similarly journaled.

Preferably each wheel of the frame has the traction face 90 thereof of a greater width than the track 6 upon which it travels. This permits a slight variation in the width of the machine, due to the change lin the crown of the surfacing section. This slight change in the width of the machine does not affect the operation of the member 40 since the slots il thereof are of a sufficient length to permit the change to be made. Preferably the rear ends of the carriages are connected'by means of a rod 91 having a turnbuckle 92 therein.

In operation `of the apparatus, assuming that the finishing member, the surfacing sec tion and the striker bar have been adjusted to the proper crown, the operator arranges in advance of the machine and upon opposite sides of the road, the anchors 25 and 30 and secures the free ends of the cables thereto. The levers arey shifted to disengage the drums from the shaft 20 andthe gear 33 is uncoupled from lthe shaft 8. The motor is then started, but with the clutches so arranged the apparatus will not be propelled, nor will the'shaft 8 be actuated. After the concrete has been placed in advance of the pressure thereupon, but also the vibration of l the surfacing section, accomplishing a tamping of the material, has a tendency to bring to the top the finer particles of the cement o1' other paving. material. The vibration which is produced preferablyis rather ra id `and the tamping effect is accomplis ed while the .pavement .material is under pressure. This VI find produces a denser and more desirable surfare than can be accomplished by the usual hand method, It is also very noticeable in the operation of the 4en aging supports machine upon `concrete pavements, that a considerable degree of moisture is brought to the surface, which is very desirable since it prevents the surface from drying out too fast and producing what is known as surface cracking or checking. ere a particularly smooth face is desired for the pavement the finishing member 76 is employed, though the float may be dispensed with if desired. The effect of the float is to finish the pavement surface in the same manner as usually accomplished by the ordinary hand-floating operation, though there is not the necessit for the floating of the pavement surface a ter it is subjected to the operation of the surfacing section, as there is when the pavement material is leveled and crowned by the old striker bar method.

,The pressure which is placed upon the concrete may be varied by raising or lowering the surfacing section through the medium of the adjustable wedges 55, and also by varying the relative heights of the striker bar and surfacing section.

The bearings 9 for the shaft 8 are vertically adjustable soI as to ermit the bearin to be properly alined w en the contour of4 the surfacing section is varied. Also b raising or lowering these bearings the impact of the members 13 upon the outer ends of the arms 11 may be regulated, and thereby the vibration through which the surfacingsection is subjected increased or decreased as desired. As shown in Fig. 13, the bearings 9 are carried by brackets 93 adjustably 94 on the member 7. he uprights and adjustable connections therebetween on the member 7 forma very rigid truss for this member, allowing the latter to be used as a bridge upon which the operator of the machine may stand. This is highly advantageous as it allows the operator to be in position to fill in low spots in the concrete between the striker bar and the surfacing section. These low spots will only occur when if in leveling the concrete the road bed is not filled to a sufficient height with the concrete. Y

During the operation of the apparatus there is a tendency for concrete, stones or the `like to get on to the tracks and cause the wheels to be raised out of engagement with the tracks. To revent this I arrange in advance of each w eel a guard in the form of a late 94 vertically adjustable, secured to bo ts 95 rigidly attached to the carriage frame.

As before described, the surfacing section has atits forward edge a comparatively thin outwardlyextending flange. -This flange acts to remove large stones or the like from the surface of the concrete.u Thus as thel lsurfacing section moves forward the flange will ten medium of an extension `arranged opening therein to pass vunder the large stones or' the like, which will collect upon the top of the flange and may be removed at will. I find that -when this flange is provided with the longitudinally-extending groove the finer material will be brought to the surface. Thus as soon as the surfacing section places pressure upon the' concrete the finer material will be forced into the groove, and as the surfacing section travels along the finer material which is in a very plastic condition will be spread over the top forming a top surface for the pavement of very fine concrete. If desired, the striker bar may also be provided with a laterally-extending flange similar to the flange on the forward edge of the surfacing section.

In order to prevent the drums from unwinding when the machine is at rest dogs 96 are provided which have the forward ends arranged to engage apertures 97 in the drums. The dogs, however, will allow free rotation of the drums to wind the cables thereu on when the machine is in use.

In ig. 18 I have shown a modification of finishing member. This member comprises a bar 98 which may be of the same construction as the striker bar 40 except as herein shown is provided with a truss 99.

y The bar is journaled upon rollers 100 and is adapted to be reciprocated through the 101 of the shaft 15, the connection between the bar 98 and the extension 101 being similar to the driving connection for the striker bar, while in Fig. 18 the shafts 102 which carry the member 98 are not shown as adapted to be rotated to raise or lower the rollers 101. It will of course be readil understood that connection for raising and lowering the member 98 ma -be employed for instance in connection similar to that shown for raising and lowering the striker bar.

In Figs'. 19 and 20 are illustrated a modification of the means for raising and lowering the surfacing section. Thus instead of raising and lowering the frame by means of eccentrics associated with the wheels, the surfacing section is mounted to raise and lower in relation to the frame as shown. 103 is a bearing member within which is arranged a member 104 having an eccentrically for receiving the end of the member 48. The member 49 is provided with a similar mounting, and connecting the eccentrics 104 is a link 106 which is pivotally attached to the eccentrics at 107. 108 is a second link connected to a. handoperated lever 109. Thus, by adjusting the lever 109 the eccentrics may be actuated to raise or lower the members 48 and 49. The member 49 is pivoted in its eccentric and by removing the bolt 105 which secures the links 106 and 108 to the eccentric for the shaft 48 the surfacing section may be moved into its raised position, it being understood,

of course, that the connection at each side of the frame is the same.

My invention may be embodied in various specific constructions, and while I have shown and described a very desirable form of the apparatus, I consider the invention to be of suiiicient scope to embrace various modifications.

What I claim as my invention is:-

1. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section mounted on the frame, a rotary shaft, a knocker on the shaft, and a projection on the surfacing section in the path of the knocker, whereby a vibration of the surfacing section is effected.

2. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section mounted on the frame, a rotary shaft, and a knocker on the rotary shaft adapted to impinge upon a portion of the surfacing section and produce a vibration of the surfacing section.

3. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section mounted on the frame, a rotary shaft, and a series of knockers on said shaft adapted to impinge upon portions of the surfacing section and produce a vibration of the surfacing section.

4. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section mounted on the frame,-a rotary shaft extending longitudinally of the surfacing section, a plurality of spaced knoclrers on said shaft, said surfacing section having portions in the paths of said knockers whereby a vibration of the surfacing section is effected upon a rotation of said shaft.

5. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section mounted on the frame, a plurality of bearings carried by the surfacing section, a shaft journaled in said bearings, a plurality of knockers on said shaft, and projections on the surfacing section extending into the paths of said knockers, for the purpose described.

6. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section mounted on the frame, a rotary shaft, a knocker on said shaft adapted to impinge against a portion of said surfacing section, means mounted on said frame' for propelling the latter, and a drive connection between said propelling means and said shaft.

7. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section thereon 'composed of a surfacing member, and means for varying the longitudinal contour of said member, comprising a plurality of spaced uprights on said member and adjustable con- `nections between saidl uprights.

8. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section thereon composed of a surfacing member, and means for varying the longitudinal contour of said member, comprising a plurality of spaced uprights on said member and adjustable connections between said uprights including turn-buckles.

9. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section thereon composed of a surfacing member, and means for varying the longitudinal contour of said member, comprising a plurality of spaced uprights on said member, rods extending between said uprights, and turn-buclrles connecting said rods. v

10. vIn a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section thereon composed of a surfacing member, and means for varying the longitudinal contour of said member, comprising a plurality of spaced uprights o n said member, rods pivoted to the uprights, and turn-buckles connecting said rods.

11. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section thereon composed of a surfacing member, and means for varying the longitudinal contour of said member, comprising a plurality of spaced uprights on said member varying'in length from the center of said member toward its ends, and adjustable connections between said uprights.

12. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section thereon composed of a surfacing member, and means for varying the longitudinal contour of said member, com rising a plurality of rows of spaced uprig ts on said member, and adjustable connections between adjacent up rights of the same row.

13. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section, and a connection between said frame and said surfacing section permitting the latter to be adjusted to position to provide access to the bottom of the surfacing section for cleaning or the like.

14. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section, and a pivbtal connection between said frame and said surfacing section permitting the latter to be rocked to a position to provide access to the bottom of the surfacing section for cleaning or the like.

15. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section, and a pivotal connection between said frame and said surfacing section permitting the latter to be rocked upwardly to expose the bottom thereof for cleaning or the like.

16. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a surfacing section, a pivotal connection between said frame and said surfacing section permitting the latter to be rocked upwardly to expose the bottom thereof for cleaning or the like, and means for securing said surfacing section in its operative position.

17. In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a sur-facing section, spaced i shaft.

arms upon each end of said section adapted 'to be supported from the frame, a bearing on the frame in which one of the arms at one end of said section is journaled, and a second bearing in which the corresponding arm at the opposite side of the frame is journaled, each of the other'arms having a detachable engagement with, the frame, for the purpose described.

In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame including spaced supporting members arranged at opposite sides of the frame, a'comparatively wide surfacing section of a width to span a roadway eX- tending between said supporting members, and a connection between said supporting members and said surfacing section permitting the latter to be rocked upwardly to expose the bottom of the surfaclng section, for the purpose. described.

19. In a tion with the frame, of

the with which said arms are engaged, and means for vertically adjusting the arms in said bearings, for the purpose described.

20. In a paving apparatus, the combination with the frame, Wheels for supporting said frame arranged at opposite sides thereof, a surfacing section carried by the frame, and means for propelling the frame, comprising a pair of drums, cables leading from said drums and adapted to be anchored at their outer ends, a shaft upon which said drums are mounted, and a clutch connection foroperatively connectin one of said drums to and disconnectingI it i means for driving said shaft.

21. In a paving apparatus, the combination with the frame, wheels for supporting sald frame arranged at opposite sides thereof, a surfacing section carried by the frame,

meansfor propelling the frame comprisin a pair of drums, cables leading from said drums and adapted to be anchored at their outer ends, a shaft upon which said drums are mounted, a clutclb connection for opera- ;tively connecting one'of said drums to and dlsconnecting it fromthe shaft,"independ ent clutch connections between the drums and the shaft, and means for driving said 22. In a paving apparatus, thecombnation with the frame, wheels for supporting paving apparatus, the combina-` a paving section,- arms for supporting the paving section from frame, bearings on ,the paving sectionv om the shaft, and

said shaft and said drums, means for driving said shaft, a cable on one drum leading forwardly to an anchor, a cable on the other drum leading to the other side of said frame and forwardly to an anchor, and a shive on the last-mentioned side of the frame over which said last-mentioned cable passes.

23. In a paving apparatus, the combination with the frame, wheels for supporting said frame at opposite sides thereof, a surfacing section mounted on the frame, a motor on the frame arranged at one side thereof, a shaft on said frame arranged upon the same side as the motor, a drive connection between said shaft and said motor, drums loosely sleeved upon said shaft, independent clutch connections between said drums and said shaft, means for controlling said clutch connections, and independent cables leading from said drums forwardly to anchors, for the purpose described.

24. In a paving apparatus, the combina- .tion with a frame, a surfacing section mountrotary shaft carried by said surfacing section', and means on the shaft for effecting a vibration ofthe surfacing section.

25,-In a paving apparatus, the combination of a frame, a. surfacing section carried by the frame comprising a member adapted to span 'a roadway and havin -a surfacing face on the under side thereofSy and a laterally extending flange at the forward edge of said surfacing face provided with a longitudinally extending groove.

26. In a paving apparatus, the combination-With spaced carriages, of asurfacing member extending therebetween, and a common means for varying the contour of said member and for trussing said member to form a bridge thereof for an operator.

In testimon whereof I ax my signature in presence o two witnesses.

ROBERT D. BAKE-R. 

